Competition for resources will occur, which will have negative effects on both species involved.
It is possible that one species may be a superior competitor and cause the local extinction of the other species. It is also possible that over time, the two species develop a realized niche and are able to partition their resources and coexist. However, it is impossible to make any conclusive prediction from the information given.
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What Happens When Two Species With The Same Niche Move Into The Same Ecosystem?
Posted on January 12, 2011.
They have a big sword fight until one cuts the other’s head off. There can be only one.
Actually, theoretically, they might adjust their niche dimensions to minimize overlap, so that they could coexist. Look up “niche partitioning”.
They may manage to co-exist for a while but when a food shortage occurs, that is when the crunch comes. The species with a greater capacity for overcoming temporary food shortages by, for example, storing reserves of fat, may be the eventual survivor, but many other factors are likely to come into play.