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MCQ is Multiple Choice Qustions. There are 18 questions, it may seem alot but its not really. For each question the answer is either A, B, C or D and ONLY one option is correct per question. It would mean the world to me if somebody can help answer some questions!!
Q1. Developmental genes are
(a)usually highly variable
(b)never expressed
(c)highly conserved
(d)found in the mitochondrial genome.
Q2. In development, patern formation is controlled by
(a) homeopathic genes
(b)homeotic genes
(c)homolytic genes
(d)homeostatic genes.
Q3. The expotential model of growth
(a)describes a population whose growth is unlimited
(b)incorporates the concept of carrying capacity
(c)described by a sigmoidally shaped curve
(d)exhibited by paramecium grown in the lab with limited nutrients
Q4. In ecology, density independent pop. growth
(a)results from decreased fecundity
(b)is associated with crowded pops.
(c)results from competition for resources
(d)may be associated with stochastic events
Q5. Predation of one species on another is
(a) detrimental to both species
(b)beneficial to one, detrimental to the other
(c)beneficial to both
(d) beneficial to one, but the other is unaffected
Q6. Which is NOT associated with competition
(a)realized niche
(b)resource partitioning
(c)charater displacement
(d) aposematic colouration
Q7. Hormones act in a tissue specific manner because
(a)endocrine glands affect only nearby tissue
(b) hormones are carried in blood to only specific tissues
(c)different tissue differ in hormone receptors and intracellular effector proteins
(d)hormones are transported in axons to specific tissues.
Q8. An unequal distribution of ions inside/outside a nerve cell is essential for generating its resting membrane, at rest there is a
(a)higher concentration of K+ inside the cell
(b)higher conc. of K+ outside the cell
(c) a higher conc. of Na+ inside the cell
(d) a higher conc. of Cl- inside the cell
Q9. In nerve cells the stimulus aptitude is encoded in the
(a)size of action potential
(b)frequency of action potentials
(c)duration of action potentials
(d)resting membrane potential
Q10. Hair cells in the inner ear are activated by
(a)attachment to the middle ear bones
(b)vibrating fluid in the inner ear
(c)attachment to the tympanum
(d)by hair like extensions from adjacent cells
Q11. Motorneurons stimulate muscle cells by
(a) transmission of action potentials via electrical synapse
(b)release of GABA
(c)release of acetylcholine
(d)release of Na+
Q12. What is the function of extracellular digestion(a)mechanical digestion(b)chemical digest.(c)nutrient absorption(d)food moistening and storage
Q13. An osmoregulator that can only tolerate a narrow range of salinities is called
(a)euryhaline
(b)stenohaline
(c)hypoosmotic
(d)hyperosmotic
Q14. Macrophages are
(a)giant cells that eat viruses for nutrient supply
(b)phagocytizing cells that differentiate from monocytes outside the blood stream
(c) cells that can remember what has been phagocytized previously for enhanced secondary response
(d)unicellular parasites that phagocytose our cells
Q15. Humans can make billions of different antibodies, but the human genome encodes just 25,000 genes, how is it possible
(a)antibodies are custom produced against all pathogens
(b)each individual antibody evolves through its lifespan differently
(c)somatic recombination of DNA enables each lymphocyte to produce a different antibody
(d)many gene fragments encode different antibodies
Q16. Which of the following is true of the complement system
(a)its is only part of adaptive immunity
(b)it is only part of innate immunity
(c)it belongs neither to innate or adaptive immunity but forms part of passive immunity
(d)its an effector mechanism of both innate and adaptive immunity
Q17. What is immunoglobulin g IgG
(a)an antibody that can cross the placenta
(b)an antibody that is primarily found in secretions of breast milk
(c)a pentameric antibody that is the 1st to be secreted following infection
(d)a globular protein that carries macrophages to their targets
Q18. What is clonal expansion? It is the
(a)proliferation of individual monocytes following antigen stimulation
(b)proliferation of individual granulocytes following antigen stimulation
(c)proliferation of individual lymphocytes follwing antigen stimulation
(d)the growth of genetically identical red blood cells

11. Consider the following statement: “If all vertebrates have backbones, and turtles are vertebrates, then turtles have backbones.” This statement is an example of
a. a hypothesis.
b. discovery science logic.
c. rationalization.
d. deductive reasoning.
12. One of the labs in Bio 107 we offer in some semesters is a field trip to explore the native chaparral in Florida Canyon. The chaparral is a region characterized by a climate of long, dry summers and mild winters, clay-like soil, and interactions of particular groups of animals, plants, and microorganisms. The Chaparral best describes what level of organization?
a. Biosphere
b. Ecosystem
c. Community
d. Population
13. Suppose a small number of bacterial cells are placed in a container that includes all necessary nutrients for the bacteria. For a while, there is no increase in bacterial numbers as cells adjust to their new environment. Afterwards, there is rapid increase in numbers, with the number of new bacteria added proportional to the current number. Following this rapid increase, there is a long phase where the number of new cells equals the number of cells that have died. What does the overall pattern of bacterial growth described here most resemble?
a. J-shaped
b. A population’s carrying capacity in the absence of limiting factors
c. Global human increases from its beginnings to current times.
d. Logistic
14. If an ecosystem has a carrying capacity of 1000 individuals for a given species, and 2000 individuals of that species are present, the population
a. is at equilibrium.
b. has exceeded the carrying capacity.
c. may decline dramatically.
d. b and c are correct.
15. If an overlap develops between the ranges of two closely related species, and if the species occupy the same niche in the zone of overlap, what will probably happen in the zone of overlap?
a. Both species will coexist.
b. A new species will arise.
c. One species will take over and drive the other species out
d. Mutualism will exist between the two species.
16. The relationship between a cow and the cellulose-digesting bacteria in the cow’s digestive tract would best be described as
a. Mutualism
b. Parasitism.
c. Interspecific competition.
d. Predation.
17. All organisms require certain nutrients for survival and reproduction. Suppose a particular bacterial population thrives only in the top five millimeters of lakes. Suppose a microscopic plant population also thrives only in the top five millimeters of lakes. When the bacterial and plant populations are floating together, the bacterial population is reduced to 20% of the number it was when floating in the absence of plants. What does this situation likely illustrate?
a. Species diversity of a community
b. Niches of two species are separate and distinct.
c. One population serving as a resource for another population.
d. Interspecific competition.
18. What conditions might occur in a country displaying zero population growth?
a. Immigration equals emigration.
b. A population pyramid is larger at its base than at its tip.
c. Birth rate is greater than death rate.
d. The demand for new elementary schools is greater than the demand for retirement homes.
19. What would be an example of primary succession?
a. Events following a melting glacier, exposing bare rocky terrain.
b. The colonization of an empty region by long-lived plant species.
c. Community replacement on lands abandoned by a farmer.
d. A forest community that is relatively stable over time.
20. If there are 1000 metric tons of producers in an ecosystem, about how much of the energy in those producers will be available to secondary consumers in this ecosystem?
a. 100%
b. 50%
c. about 10%
d. about 1%
e. about 0.1%
21. Given that CO2 is produced by respiration, why does the amount of CO2 in the atmosphere remain relatively constant? (When answering this question, exclude the impact of human activities on atmospheric CO2.)
a. CO2 is converted in photosynthesis to carbohydrates.
b. CO2 is split apart during photosynthesis.
c. CO2 mostly forms carbonate rocks.
d. CO2 is trapped in dead organisms’ bodies.
e. CO2 is a buffer.