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HOW DO YOU DO THE CALCULATIONS FOR #20?
3. . It was recently discovered that an amoeba (a single celled organism) falls asleep (goes “dormant”) when exposed to valium. Humans also fall asleep when exposed to valium. The amoeba releases a chemical resembling valium that is almost identical to a chemical released by the human brain.
This example best illustrates which theme in biology?
a. Unity within diversity
b. Structure and function
c. Acquiring and using energy
d. Homeostasis
4. Pyrodictium are single-celled organisms, lacking a nucleus. They live near deep-sea active volcanic openings preferring acidic conditions and temperatures above 100 degrees Celsius (i.e., a temperature above boiling if at sea level) and die at temperatures below 82ºC. Their genetic material was unlike any other single-celled organism known to humans before 1980.
In what domain is Pyrodictium?
a. Bacteria
b. Archaea
c. Eukarya
d. Prokarya
15. If an overlap develops between the ranges of two closely related species, and if the species occupy the same niche in the zone of overlap, what will probably happen in the zone of overlap?
a. Both species will coexist.
b. A new species will arise.
c. One species will take over and drive the other species out
d. Mutualism will exist between the two species.
17. All organisms require certain nutrients for survival and reproduction. Suppose a particular bacterial population thrives only in the top five millimeters of lakes. Suppose a microscopic plant population also thrives only in the top five millimeters of lakes. When the bacterial and plant populations are floating together, the bacterial population is reduced to 20% of the number it was when floating in the absence of plants. What does this situation likely illustrate?
a. Species diversity of a community
b. Niches of two species are separate and distinct.
c. One population serving as a resource for another population.
d. Interspecific competition.
18. What conditions might occur in a country displaying zero population growth?
a. Immigration equals emigration.
b. A population pyramid is larger at its base than at its tip.
c. Birth rate is greater than death rate.
d. The demand for new elementary schools is greater than the demand for retirement homes.
19. What would be an example of primary succession?
a. Events following a melting glacier, exposing bare rocky terrain.
b. The colonization of an empty region by long-lived plant species.
c. Community replacement on lands abandoned by a farmer.
d. A forest community that is relatively stable over time.
20. If there are 1000 metric tons of producers in an ecosystem, about how much of the energy in those producers will be available to secondary consumers in this ecosystem?
a. 100%
b. 50%
c. about 10%
d. about 1%
e. about 0.1%