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Thomas Malthus’s 1798 work, Essay on the Principle of Population, greatly influenced Darwin. Which of the following statements best summarizes Malthus’s idea?
A) Animals are able to pass to their offspring characteristics that were acquired in their lifetimes.
B) Individuals that can run faster are more likely to survive and pass their genes to the next generation.
C) Isolated populations of organisms, such as Darwin’s finches on the Galápagos Islands, tend to differentiate into new species to fill different niches.
D) The size of human populations, like animal populations, is directly determined by the carrying capacity of the environment.
E) People reproduce much more quickly than their resources do. This results in competition for food and space, and in suffering and death.

Thomas Malthus’s 1798 work, Essay on the Principle of Population, greatly influenced Darwin. Which of the following statements best summarizes Malthus’s idea?
A) Animals are able to pass to their offspring characteristics that were acquired in their lifetimes.
B) Individuals that can run faster are more likely to survive and pass their genes to the next generation.
C) Isolated populations of organisms, such as Darwin’s finches on the Galápagos Islands, tend to differentiate into new species to fill different niches.
D) The size of human populations, like animal populations, is directly determined by the carrying capacity of the environment.
E) People reproduce much more quickly than their resources do. This results in competition for food and space, and in suffering and death.